Résumé

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection constitutes a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and its involvement in various gastroduodenal pathologies, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The aim was to determine the prevalence of HP infection at the Maradi Referral Hospital (HRM). Methodology: the study was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with prospective collection, carried out over a period of eight months (from May to December 2024), including one hundred and eighty-one (181) patients who underwent gastroscopy with gastric biopsies at the HRM. HP infection was investigated by histological and serological analysis. Results: The mean age of patients was 42,9 years, with a predominance of the 31-40 age group. Males represented 51,38% of the population. The majority of patients were from urban areas (66,85%). The overall prevalence of infection was 56,91% according to histology. Infection was significantly more frequent in women (p = 0,009) and in patients from urban areas (p = 0,03193). Gastritis represented the main endoscopic lesion (72,05%), followed by gastric (5,52%) and bulbar (4,42%) ulcers, with no statistically significant association with HP. Concordance between serology and histology was low, with a sensitivity and specificity of 51,10%. Conclusion: The prevalence of HP infection is high in HRM, and its involvement in several gastroduodenal diseases has been well established.

Mot-clés :

H. Pylori, gastroduodenal lesion, endoscopy, histology, serology, HRM, Niger